Power Converter Guide

Converters5 min read • Last updated: January 2025

Free power converter for all power units

Understanding Power Units

Power measures the rate of energy transfer or work done over time. Different industries use various power units based on historical development and practical applications.

Common Power Units

  • Watts (W): SI base unit of power
  • Kilowatts (kW): 1,000 watts
  • Horsepower (hp): Mechanical power unit
  • BTU/hr: Heat transfer rate
  • Calories/second: Metabolic power

Key Conversions

  • 1 hp = 746 watts = 0.746 kW
  • 1 kW = 1.34 hp = 3,412 BTU/hr
  • 1 BTU/hr = 0.293 watts
  • 1 cal/s = 4.184 watts
  • 1 MW = 1,341 horsepower

Professional Applications

Electrical Systems

  • • Appliance power ratings
  • • Motor specifications
  • • Generator capacity
  • • Solar panel output
Example: 1.5 hp motor = 1,119 watts = 1.12 kW

Automotive Engineering

  • • Engine power ratings
  • • Electric vehicle motors
  • • Performance comparisons
  • • Fuel efficiency calculations
Example: 300 hp engine = 224 kW = 764,000 BTU/hr

HVAC Systems

  • • Heating capacity
  • • Cooling load calculations
  • • Energy efficiency ratings
  • • System sizing
Example: 12,000 BTU/hr AC = 3.5 kW = 4.7 hp

Industrial Equipment

  • • Pump and compressor sizing
  • • Manufacturing equipment
  • • Power plant capacity
  • • Energy management
Example: 50 hp pump = 37.3 kW = 127,000 BTU/hr

Power vs Energy Distinction

Power (Rate)

  • • How fast energy is used
  • • Measured in watts, horsepower
  • • Instantaneous measurement
  • • Motor nameplate ratings

Energy (Total)

  • • Total energy consumed
  • • Measured in kWh, BTU
  • • Power × time
  • • Electricity bills
Formula: Energy = Power × Time (kWh = kW × hours)

Common Power Examples

Household Appliances

💡 LED bulb: 10 watts
📺 TV: 100 watts
🔌 Microwave: 1,000 watts (1 kW)
🏠 Whole house: 3-5 kW average

Vehicles & Machinery

🚗 Small car: 100 hp (75 kW)
🏎️ Sports car: 400 hp (300 kW)
🚛 Truck: 500 hp (375 kW)
✈️ Jet engine: 100,000 hp (75 MW)

Regional Unit Preferences

United States

Uses horsepower for engines and motors, BTU/hr for HVAC, and watts for electrical devices.

International (Metric)

Primarily uses watts and kilowatts for all power applications, following SI standards.

Scientific Community

Universally uses watts as the standard SI unit for power in all scientific applications.

Step-by-Step Power Conversion

  1. 1. Identify Source Unit: Determine whether you have watts, horsepower, or BTU/hr
  2. 2. Enter Power Value: Input the power rating from equipment nameplate
  3. 3. Select Target Unit: Choose the unit needed for your application
  4. 4. Verify Context: Ensure the conversion makes sense for your equipment type
  5. 5. Apply Safety Factors: Consider efficiency and safety margins for sizing

Frequently Asked Questions

Why is horsepower still used when watts are the SI standard?

Historical reasons and consumer familiarity. Automotive and industrial sectors developed using horsepower, and consumers understand it better for comparing engine performance.

How do I calculate electricity costs from power ratings?

Multiply power (kW) by usage time (hours) to get energy (kWh), then multiply by your electricity rate ($/kWh). Example: 1.5 kW × 8 hours × $0.12/kWh = $1.44.

What's the difference between mechanical and electrical horsepower?

Mechanical horsepower (746 watts) is the standard. Electrical horsepower varies slightly. Our converter uses mechanical horsepower as the standard reference.

How does power factor affect electrical power calculations?

Power factor affects AC electrical systems but doesn't change unit conversions. Our converter shows mechanical/thermal power equivalents, not electrical power calculations.

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